Git is a version control system that lets us manage our source code. GitHub is a cloud-based hosting service that lets us manage Git repositories.

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Below is a list of some of the most frequently used commands of Git (git bash):

1. To initiate a folder for a new or existing project : git init

2. To add a file to the staging area : git add <file_name>

3. To add all the files to the staged area : git add . or git add -A

4. To check status of the files : git status

5. To commit changes to the head repository (local) : git commit -m "commit message"

6. To view all the commits made : git log

7. To view desired number of commits : git log -p -10---> Note : Here we have entered 10 but it can be your desired number.

8. To remove a file from the staging area : git rm --cached <file_name>

9. to create a new branch : git branch <branch_name>

10. To create a branch and move to that branch : git checkout -b <branch_name>

11. To switch between branches : git checkout <branch_name>

12. To know all the branches : git branch

13. To add a file in staged area as well as commit : git -am "commit message" or git -a -m "commit message"

14. To merge a branch into the current branch : git merge <branch_name>

15. To go to the last commit made : git checkout <file_name> or git checkout -- <file_name>

16. To go to the last commit of all the files: git checkout -f

17. To compare current file with the staged version of that file : git diff

18. To compare staged file with the last commit version of that file : git diff --staged

19. To remove a file from both staging area as well as working folder/directory : git rm <file_name>

20. To check short status/ overview of a file : git status -s

21. To delete a git repository : rm -rf .git

22. To rename a file as well as stage the file : git mv <file_name> <new_file_name>

23. To know all the commits in one line : git log --pretty=oneline

24. To know all the commits in short/ comprised form : git log --pretty=short

25. To know all the commits in long form : git log --pretty=long

26. To know all the commits for a desired time period : git log --since=number.desired-time-period ---> Example : git log --since=2.weeks

27. To un-stage a file : git restore --staged <file_name>

28. To set a new name (alias) for a command : git config --global alias.<new_name> <original_name> ---> Example : git config --global alias.ct commit

29. To discard all the changes made n a file : git restore <file_name>

30. To connect local and remote repository (example - connect git with GitHub) : git remote add origin <url of the remote repository> ---> Note : origin is now the alias name for the remote repository link. We can mention any desired name in the place of origin.

31. To know the remote repositories : git remote

32. To push master branch to the remote repository (origin) : git push -u origin master

33. To change link (url) of the origin (remote repository) : git remote set-url origin <new_link>

34. To clone a repository from GitHub : git clone <repository clone url>

35. To pull a branch from remote repository : git pull

36. To push files to the master branch (remote repository) directly: git push

37. To push a branch to the GitHub with alias name : git push <branch>:<new_branch_name> ---> Example : We have a branch name feature in our local repository and we want to push that branch with name div1 → command : git push feature:div

38. To delete a merged branch from local repository : git branch -d <branch_name>

39. To delete a branch which in un-merged from local repository : git branch -D <branch_name>

40. To delete a branch from remote repository : git push -d origin <branch_name>